Mining wastes refer to the byproducts and residue left over from the extraction and processing of minerals and metals. These wastes can include tailings, waste rock, slag, and other materials that are generated during mining operations. Mining wastes can pose significant environmental and health risks, such as water and soil contamination, habitat destruction, and exposure to toxic substances. Research in the area of mining wastes focuses on finding ways to reduce the environmental impact of mining activities, as well as developing techniques for the safe disposal and treatment of mining waste materials. This research often involves assessing the potential risks and impacts of mining wastes, identifying best practices for waste management, and exploring innovative technologies for recycling or repurposing mining wastes. Overall, the goal of research in this area is to mitigate the negative effects of mining activities on the environment and human health.